Internal-combustion engine



T. C. STONE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 31, I917.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

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c7 INVENTOR A [torn eys T. C. STONE.

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APPLICATION FILED JULY 3" 1911.

1,313,135. Patentedlug.12,'1919.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS C. STONE, PHOENIX, A RIZONA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS C. STONE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Phoenix, in the county of Maricopa and State of Arizona, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines,-one object of the invention being to provide an engine structure in which the piston and its cross head, as well as the means for supplying a cooling medium shall be made in a single structure, and to so mount and operate such a piston structure in the cylinder as to insure its free and accurate movements, reducing wear to a minimum, and avoiding the use of an oil pit for the crank shaft which would permit an excess of 'oil reaching the working faces of the cylinder and piston.

A further object is to provide, for a double-ended iston having no piston rod, simple and efliizient means to cool the same and its cross head.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 is a sectional view of an explosive gas engine showing an embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing 'the piston construction and its relation to the cylinder and crank shaft; Fig. 3 is an exterior elevation of the cylinder showing the guides for one side of the piston cross head, and Fig. 4 is a view in elevation of the double ended piston.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, I have shown my improvements as embodied in a four cycle engine having two cylinders, 1, 1, d1sposed at an angle to each other and supported by suitable framework 2. Any su1table valve and sparking mechanism may be employed, and instead of building the engine of the four-cycle type, it may be constructed to operate as a two-cycle engine.

Each cylinder, piston and connections be- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

Application filed July 31, 1917. Serial No. 183,713.

The piston 10 is made hollow and cast in a single piece, and the respective heads are provided with suitable packing rings 11 to closely engage the wall of the cylinder.

In constructing the piston, the same is cast integral with the cross head, and pipes 12, 13 are located in the mold and cast in the piston, so that they will communicate at their inner ends with chambers 14 in the hollow enlarged end portions 15 of the cross head and so that their outer open ends will ter-' minate near the respective heads of the piston. A wire 16 is connected with each pipe near its outer end and the ends of said Wire are embedded in the metal of the cast piston for retaining the outer ends of the pipes in place, and to further guard against displacement of said pipes, their elbow portions may be brazed together, as at 17. Pipes 18 are attached to the respective enlarged ends 15 of the cross head 9 and communicate with the chambers 14 therein and these pipes ma be connected, by flexible means, (not shown such as telescoping pipe sections, with a suitable source of cooling fluid,'such as air- The cooling fluid from the pipes 18 enters through the cross head and passes through the pipes 1213, said fluid being discharged from the open outer ends of said pipes into the end portions of the hollow piston to cool the latter. The cooling fluid will flow toward the center of the piston and escape through ports 19 and the hollow enlarged ends 15 of said cross head and through openings 20 in the latter to the atmosphere. The central or pin member 21 of the cross .head is made tubular for the accommodation guides. being secured at their ends to lugs or brackets cast on the cylinder.

Instead of using air as the cooling agent,

water cooling-means may be employed.

My improvements are Well adapted for use with engines of the Diesel type, and for engines used in flying machines.

Various slight changes might be made in the details of construction of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof or limiting its scope and hence I do not wish to restrict myself to the precise details herein set forth.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters-Patent, is

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder comprising two sections secured together and having elongated slotted portions, 9. piston in said cylinder having an integral cross head movable in said slotted portions of the cylinder and said cross head also having a tubular central portion, a pin passing through said tubular central portion of the cross head, driving pitmen connected with the respective end portions of said pin, and means for conveying cooling fluid into the piston and discharging it therein near respective ends unease thereof, and means for ermitting escape of fluid through said cross 'ead. I

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a hollow double-ended piston therein, a hollow cross head integral with the central portion of said piston, pipes within the piston and communicating with the hollow cross head, said pipes being brazed together and open at their outer ends adjacent to the heads of the piston, means connecting the free end portions of said pipes with t e metal of the piston, and means for conducting cooling fluid to the hollow cross head, said cross head also having discharge ports.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a hollow double-ended piston therein, a hollow crosshead integral with the central portion of said piston, pipes within the piston and communicating with the hollow cross-head, said pipes bein open at their outer ends ad jacent the bee s of the piston, means connecting the free end portions of said pipes with the metal of the piston, and means for conducting cooling fluid to the cooling pipes in the piston, the said cross-head also having discharge ports.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- THOS. C. STONE.

Witnesses:

CHAs. K. Pisnon, MARGARET S. PISHON. 

